国际传播综合能力赛项国赛考查选手的国际传播综合能力。比赛环节分为四轮。

1. 第一轮：书面综合考查

2. 第二轮：定题演讲（3分钟）+回答问题

3. 第三轮：即兴演讲（3分钟）+回答问题

4. 第四轮：以比赛现场通知为准

第一轮书面综合考查赛题包括客观题若干道、汉译英1篇和议论文写作1篇，赛题构成见表1。

表1  国赛书面综合考查赛题构成

Part I Read and Know                                       

Questions 1-5

Directions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. Please complete the translation of “落实立德树人根本任务”: to ensure that education performs its_____ of _____.

A. fundamental mission; establishing people

B. fundamental mission; fostering virtue

C. basic task; building characteristics

D. basic task; harboring morality

2. What is the correct understanding of “新质生产力”?

A. new qualitative productive forces.

B. new protons found to be a kind of productive force.

C. new qualitative protons as productive forces.

D. new quality productive forces.

3. What is the correct understanding of “发乎情，止乎礼义”?

A. Sentient beings cannot avoid human emotions and that is part of human morality.

B. All human feelings are subject to the constraints of propriety and morality.

C. Sentient beings may display certain emotions which cannot be stopped by propriety. 

D. Human feelings can only be stopped before they are displayed fully.

4. We will follow the principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and we will encourage creative transformation and innovation development of traditional Chinese culture. Guided by the core socialist values, we will develop            , promote           , and carry forward             .

—Xi Jinping: The Governance of China III

A. outstanding Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, advanced socialist culture

B. fine traditional Chinese culture, advanced socialist culture, revolutionary culture

C. advanced socialist culture, revolutionary culture, fine traditional Chinese culture

D. revolutionary culture, advanced socialist culture, outstanding Chinese culture

5. __________________. At present, China is in a period of promising historic opportunities. The overall prospects for development are good, but the road ahead will not be smooth.

—Xi Jinping: The Governance of China III

Which of the following sentences best fits in the blank?

A. Exaltation of the virtuous is fundamental to governance.

B. Nip the problem in the bud when it is in the making; prepare yourself for risks yet to emerge.

C. Prepare in advance against the unexpected, which is a basic principle of governing a country.

D. One should be mindful of possible danger in times of peace and downfall in times of survival.

Part II Read and Reason                     

Questions 6-9

Directions: Read the texts and answer the questions.

Scientists in China have unearthed a never-before-seen type of ore that contains a rare earth element. The ore, dubbed niobobaotite, is made of niobium, barium, titanium, iron and chloride, the South China Morning Post reported.

It’s the niobium that is causing excitement: This light-gray metal is currently used mostly in the production of steel, which it strengthens without adding significant weight. Niobium is also used in making other alloys (materials made of mixes of metals) and can be found in particle accelerators and other advanced scientific equipment because it is a superconductor at low temperatures, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry.

The deposit was found in Baotou City in Inner Mongolia on Oct. 3, 2023. The brownish-black ore is the 17th new type found in the deposit and one of 150 new minerals found in the region, according to the China National Nuclear Corporation.

The discovery may be a windfall for China, which currently imports 95% of its niobium, according to the South China Morning Post.

“Depending on the volume and quality of this niobium, it could make China self-sufficient,” Antonio H. Castro Neto, a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the National University of Singapore (NUS), told the newspaper.

Currently, Brazil holds the distinction of being the world’s primary supplier of the rare earth metal niobium, with Canada following as a distant second. The United States is taking steps to establish its own source, as per information from the U.S. Geological Survey.

There is an ongoing initiative to establish a niobium mine and processing facility in southern Nebraska known as the Elk Creek Critical Minerals Project. If successful, this project would mark the sole niobium mine in the United States, reported Live Science.

Additionally, niobium’s demand may increase in the future as researchers are actively exploring the development of niobium-lithium and niobium-graphene batteries, which could have a substantial impact on various technological applications.

S&P Global says that niobium-lithium batteries offer the advantage of reducing the risk of fires when used alongside lithium. Additionally, these batteries have the benefit of faster charging times and the ability to be recharged more frequently compared to conventional lithium batteries.

In May, researchers at the Centre for Advanced 2D Materials at the NUS, which is developing niobium-graphene batteries, said the batteries could last around 30 years—10 times longer than lithium-ion batteries—and they can be fully charged in less than 10 minutes.

6. What is the most newsworthy aspect of the reported discovery?

A. First discovery of niobobaotite in China.

B. Niobium’s volume and quality in the ore.

C. World scarcity of niobobaotite.

D. Solution to China’s need for niobium.

7. What can be learned about niobium from the text?   

A. It is indispensable to the mass production of steel.  

B. Its mixture with other metals enhances superconductivity.

C. Its current suppliers include Brazil, Canada, and the U.S.

D. It will probably revolutionize future battery technology.

Since the earliest times in China, eremitism was a concern of the most educated and erudite classes, and was integrated into both practical and philosophical teachings of ethics and politics. The legendary figures of the past were given intellectual and moral credence by the most insightful levels of the culture, a phenomenon not seen to such an extent anywhere in the world, where recluses and hermits have been viewed with bemusement and suspicion if not outright scorn. Hence it is essential to a history and understanding of eremitism to study the hermits and recluses of China.

Eremitism anywhere is freely chosen as a moral and intellectual if not social ideal. Properly speaking, it has never been involuntary, coerced, or the product of mental instability. This is especially true in China where a criterion for evaluating true eremitism—distinguishing recluses, partial recluses, and true hermits—evolved early, even in preliterate times.

Because only the affluent and educated had the opportunity to pursue reclusion based on moral principles in ancient China, concepts of reclusion were tied directly to political and social factors affecting the moral individual. Renunciation of office, power, and security, undertaken voluntarily, was precisely the proof of integrity that distinguished the solitude of a shaman, peasant, or woodcutter living in a remote mountain or far-away village from the reclusion of an urban and literate official.

This initial observation does not mean that becoming a recluse was merely the pose of a rich man who might have family money to soften the economic blow of quitting a lucrative post in the city. For many, eremitism was an uncushioned blow for the sake of moral principles. For others, it was a philosophical liberation for which material simplicity or hardship was not unwelcome. And for still others of modest or poor families, reclusion was the option of an educated but principled individual.

The Western terms for hermit and monk are based on the terms for solitude and aloneness, but the equivalent Chinese terms are more flexible and descriptive, for there are many nuanced ways of pursuing reclusion, and they do not automatically exclude social relations.

Thus the practitioners of reclusion were often referred to in oblique terms that accounted for status and motive. These terms underscore the notion in Chinese eremitism that deliberate isolation and physical removal from society were not the main criteria but rather disengagement. This disengagement was derived from the potential for withdrawal from political or institutional services. These men did not altogether remove themselves from society but removed themselves from what they considered corrupt and immoral services or circumstances.

8. How does the author describe hermits and recluses in the context of Chinese culture?

A. They are highly principled and learned individuals.

B. They are affluent but underappreciated individuals.

C. They are misunderstood due to their education and power.

D. They are envied because of their knowledge and wealth. 

9. What is a defining characteristic of eremitism in Chinese culture?

A. Deliberate isolation for freedom.

B. Returning to nature to seek inspiration.

C. Stepping away from immoral services. 

D. Physical removal from a complex work environment.

Part III Read and Question  

Questions 10-15

Directions: Read two texts about longevity and answer the questions.

Text A

Sometime in late 2015, researchers seemed to deliver a blow to Pollyannas everywhere. Happy people did not live longer than sad people, after adjusting for factors like the state of a person’s health. The study, published in the prestigious medical journal The Lancet, looked at survey results from nearly 720,000 women and concluded that happiness, when considered independently from other factors, had no bearing whatsoever on how long people lived.

But many experts challenged that finding, taking issue with the study design, which removed as variables (or, in scientific terms, controlled for) factors like how much a woman slept and whether she exercised. “The very reasons happy people live longer are some of the things The Lancet controlled for,” says Sarah Pressman, associate professor of psychology and social behavior at the University of California at Irvine, who has been researching happiness for about a decade. “Positive emotion is good for you.”

That may seem obvious, even to skeptics. Proving it scientifically can be tricky, however. Happiness studies usually rely on self-reported data, which is by nature subjective. Beyond that, it’s just difficult to navigate the channels of cause and effect, given the many factors that influence mood and health. Still, a large body of literature shows that there does appear to be a link between a good mood and a longer life.

A 2011 study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that older people who reported being the least happy died at nearly twice the rate in the next five years as people who reported being the most happy. Even after adjusting for factors like illness, finances and depression, people who were the happiest still had a 35% lower risk of death.

Another study of older adults found that happier people retained their physical function better than those who weren’t happy; their walking speeds even declined more slowly. And in one 2003 experiment, researchers found that when they exposed people to a common cold virus, happiness level was a strong predictor of who got sick and who stayed well, which they could see by measuring people’s mucus production and the levels of antibodies in their blood.

To Pressman, the existing research taken together settles the question: It does help to be happy. “The more interesting question is, why?” she says. That’s a puzzle researchers are now trying to solve. Pressman and other researchers think happiness has specific benefits for the body that cannot be chalked up solely to healthy lifestyle choices, like exercising, or the absence of negative emotional factors, like chronic stress. Scientists already know that negative emotions can cause a cascade of biological reactions that harm the body. Chronic stress increases inflammation, and inflammation has been linked to a host of health problems. So it isn’t a stretch to think that happiness, too, may lead to changes in the body’s systems that influence certain diseases. But what, exactly, does happiness do? How does a positive disposition affect somebody’s health? And, vitally, what are the best ways to get happier in a way that makes a difference?

Pressman isn’t sure yet, but she’s investigating one idea. Her experiments have found that people who smiled while receiving a needle injection rated the ordeal as 40% less painful than those who didn’t—a testament to faking it until you make it. And their heart rates didn’t increase as much in response to the stress of the injection, either.

“Now when I go to the doctor’s office, I smile when I get a shot,” she says. “It’s amazing that it works. We’re still trying to unpack why.”

Text B

Over the past century, the average life expectancy in developed countries has increased by 30 years, from roughly age 50 to 80. Vaccines, sanitation, antibiotics, and other advances allow many more people to survive infectious diseases that used to kill them during childhood.

Longer life spans overall have been a public health success. But they have also created a new and important gap: Healthspan, usually defined as the period of life free of chronic disease or disability, does not always match longevity.

By one calculation, based on the World Health Organization’s healthy life expectancy indicator, an American who expects to live to 79 might first face serious disease at 63. That could mean 15 years lived in sickness. Indeed, aging is the biggest risk factor for cancer, heart disease and dementia.

One reason for this gap is that, for decades, biomedical research and clinical practice have focused on treating individual diseases, which can extend lives but not necessarily healthspan.

During the past 10 years medicine has started to take a different approach based on the biology of aging (a field called geroscience). “We’re now saying our focus should be on extending healthy life rather than just length of life, and slowing aging is the tool to do it,” says Jay Olshansky, a longevity expert. There are molecular and cellular processes in all our tissues and organs that determine both lifespan and healthspan. These “pillars of aging” include DNA damage, the aging or senescence of individual cells, inflammation, and stress responses.

Natural variations in these factors are mostly the result of environmental differences. Genes also play a role, accounting for about 25 percent of the variability, more in extreme cases. The upshot is that some people age faster than others, and with biological aging comes susceptibility to disease and disability.

How do you assess biological age? Molecular markers such as chemical modifications to DNA are one way, says computational biologist Morgan Levine. “Do your cells have a pattern of chemical tags like someone who is 20 or 30 or 40?” she asks.

Geroscientists have yet to deliver a pill or treatment that can slow or reverse what the pillars of aging do. But they are excited about some possibilities. For example, senolytic drugs target senescent cells, which no longer divide but linger in the body instead of being cleared by the immune system. Research has shown that these “zombie cells” secrete proteins that interfere with other cells’ health. The zombies have been linked to osteoarthritis, cancer and dementia. For a 2015 study, researchers used senolytics to remove senescent cells in mice and delayed, prevented or alleviated multiple disorders. They also note that few popular wellness claims about “prolonging your youth” are grounded in evidence.

For now, one way to extend healthspan, perhaps unsurprisingly, is through preventive maintenance. Experts recommend routine medical checkups, staying on top of cholesterol levels and blood pressure, and following guidelines such as those from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition for body fat percentage, lean body mass and bone density. “Know where you are so if something needs to be tweaked you can take steps to do that,” says Matt Kaeberlein, founding director of a research institute and chief executive officer of a health tech company.

Those steps are also familiar: Common-sense nutrition, sleep, exercise and social connection are the four main factors. “The reason those things work is because they modulate the biology of aging,” Kaeberlein says. For example, regular low- or moderate-intensity exercise helps to prevent cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. How much extra health can these steps get us? “Ten years is probably pretty realistic,” Kaeberlein says.

10. What is the finding of the 2015 study published in The Lancet in Text A? 

A. Happiness bears no direct relevance to longevity.

B. Sad emotions do not affect how long one can live.

C. A person’s emotional stability determines their lifespan.

D. Unhappy people live as long as those who are happy.

11. According to Sarah Pressman, what aspect of happiness research is particularly intriguing?

A. The ability to control for variables like sleep and exercise.

B. The link between happiness and physical function.

C. The causal relationship between happiness and longevity.

D. The impact of happiness on the immune system.

12. What can be learned about biological aging from Text B?

A. It can be managed with the help of chemical modifications.

B. It can be assessed by observing patterns of physical changes.

C. It is sometimes regarded as a result of genetic variability.

D. It makes people more vulnerable to diseases and disability.

13. What does Text B suggest about preventive maintenance?

A. It impacts healthspan less than genetic factors.

B. It requires regular intake of prescribed medications.

C. Continuous physical monitoring and intervention are crucial.

D. Actions such as diet, sleep and exercise could help extend healthspan.

14. Regarding the impact of happiness on longevity, how do Text A and Text B differ?

A. Text A and Text B both agree that happiness is beneficial to health.

B. Text A shows negative effects of happiness, while Text B shows positive outcomes.

C. Text A links happiness to longevity, while Text B does not address happiness directly.

D. Text A supports the idea that happiness has no impact on longevity, while Text B disagrees.

15. Which statement reflects a common theme in both texts about factors affecting longevity?

A. Both texts emphasize the importance of treating individual diseases to improve healthspan.

B. Both texts highlight the role of positive emotions in reducing the risk of chronic diseases.

C. Both texts suggest that focusing on the biology of aging may improve healthspan.

D. Both texts argue that happiness has little impact on longevity.

Part IV Translate and Connect  

Translate the following passage into English.

天人合一，是中国传统文化处理天和人关系的基本立场，是中国人民独特的宇宙观。从道法自然、天人合一的中国传统智慧，到创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念，中国把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入中国经济社会发展各方面和全过程，努力建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化。

Part V Write and Create

You are a columnist for an international magazine named Cultural Mosaic. You are invited to write an essay in response to the passage below with your reasons and examples. In your essay, you should discuss the role of cultural works based on Chinese literature in telling Chinese stories to the world. You should choose your own title and write between 350 and 400 words. 

From Page to Screen: Global Appeal of Chinese Stories

In recent years, an increasing number of films, TV series, and video games based on Chinese literary works have gained popularity on the world stage, attracting audiences from different cultural backgrounds. Two such examples are the film The Wandering Earth adapted from the science fiction of the same title and the video game Black Myth: Wukong based on the Chinese classic Journey to the West.

People remark that the success of today’s phenomenal Chinese-developed cultural works is not only reflected in the technological innovation featuring stunning visual and auditory performances, but also in the integration of artistic value with Chinese philosophical thoughts, moral concepts, and imagination.

The growing global influence of such visual media demonstrates the impressive potential of China’s cultural industry. This has sparked the audience’s interest in delving deeper into the original texts, which is believed to open an insightful window for them to understand China.

参考答案：

Part I Read and Know

1. B; 2. D; 3. B; 4. C; 5. C

Part II Read and Reason

6. D; 7. D; 8. A; 9. C

Part III Read and Question 

10. A; 11. C; 12. D; 13. D; 14. C; 15. C

Part IV Translate and Connect 

（略）

Part V Write and Create 

（略）

写以言志（Write and Create）模块评分标准

译以通意（Translate and Connect）模块评分标准